Our tips from experts and exam survivors will help you through. Structure and function of arteries, capillaries and veins - Higher Human Biology Revision - BBC Bitesize BBC. After studying this section you should be able to: Each blood vessel has a space through which the blood passes; this is the lumen. The nerves sense things like pressure and pain. The lymphatic vessel takes the lymph to the blood stream by secreting them in a vein near the heart, called subclavian vein. There is a semilunar valve where the aorta leaves the left ventricle and another where the pulmonary artery leaves the right ventricle. This GCSE BBC Bitesize video is from the original programmes from 2000 that were broadcast on BBC2. • describe the structure and functions of arteries, capillaries and veins Blood vessels narrow and shrink away from the skin's surface. These are swellings lined with white blood cells (macrophages and lymphocyte cells). KEY POINT - Blood must travel towards the heart because of the direction of the semi-lunar valves. Specialised cells - Levels of organisation - GCSE Biology (Single Science) Revision - BBC Bitesize Discover how plants and animals consist of different types of cells that work together. Capillary network • It has a thin tunica externa which is an outer covering of tough collagen fibres. Every time the organism moves physically, blood is squeezed between skeletal muscles and forced along the vein. • It has a very thin tunica media which is a middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic fibres. The structure of the heart. PROGRESS CHECK At the venous end of the capillary bed, most of this tissue fluid is reabsorbed back into the capillaries. Health is the state of physical and mental well-being. The worksheet activity is taken from another author on TES. The semilunar valves stop the back flow of blood into the heart. (a) they are furthest from the ventricles It is returned to the heart in the veins. Key Concepts: Terms in this set (55) ... Made up of blood vessels that carry blood through the body. There are different types of blood vessels. Many arterioles contain a ring of muscle known as a pre-capillary sphincter. When the arteriole is constricted (vasoconstriction) the blood cannot enter the capillary network so is diverted to the core of the body. The left-hand side pumps oxygenated blood around the body. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart (except for the pulmonary artery which carries deoxygenated blood away from the right ventricle to the lungs). Platelets are cell fragments produced by giant cells in the bone marrow. The septum separates the right-hand and left-hand side of the heart. Learn the roles of arteries, capillaries and veins and how they are adapted to those roles; as well how to calculated the rate of blood flow. Learn about and revise homeostasis with this BBC Bitesize Combined Science AQA Synergy study guide. Circulatory system: Bodily system made up of the heart, blood vessels and blood that delivers nutrients and other essential materials to cells whilst removing waste products. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood away from the right ventricle to the lungs. The heart is a large muscular pump and is divided into two halves - the right-hand side and the left-hand side. BBC Bitesize; The human heart (video clip showing heart and pacemaker cells). The blood vessels Blood is transported in arteries, veins and capillaries. Write. Information on sheet is taken from BBC Bitesize and GCSEPod videos - Exam questions taken from AQA sample exam papers - information is not my own. It carries oxygenated blood away from the left ventricle to the body. Sign in, choose your GCSE subjects and see content that's tailored for you. CEFMB. Blood first passes along the arteries to the organs, and veins return blood back to the heart. STUDY. Sheep lungs and trachea (PLUCK), bicycle pump. The atria (plural of atrium) are where the blood collects when it enters the heart. Revise the structures of the circulatory system including heart, arteries, veins and capillaries. It covers the areas of the Biology foundation paper. Banner 1 AQA GCSE Paper 1: Complete Revision Summary ORGANISATION Banner 2 4.2 Organisation Organisation hierarchy Human Digestive System Circulatory System Heart and the blood vessels Blood Coronory Heart […] There are four main blood vessels that take blood into and out of the heart. Test. • It can contract using its thick muscular layer. The arteries transport blood from the heart but before entry into the capillaries it needs to pass through smaller vessels called arterioles. The main propulsion is by the ventricular contractions. (ii) contracts to help transport blood. Every living cell needs to be close to a capillary. is located between the right atrium and right ventricle and opens due to a build-up of pressure in the right atrium. Blood leaves the heart via the arteries, reaches the tissues via the capillaries, then returns to the heart via the veins. (plural of atrium) are where the blood collects when it enters the heart. Give the correct value for each vessel so that blood flows around the body. Any attempt at backflow and the semi-lunar valves shut tightly! These vessels split up into smaller ones called arterioles. Blood is pumped from the heart in the arteries. They collect any tissue fluid that is not reabsorbed back into the capillaries. This tissue fluid bathes the cells, supplying them with nutrients and taking up waste products. diseases. Homepage. The body's transport system, which includes the heart and the blood vessels. There are four main blood vessels that take blood into and out of the heart. It is returned to the heart in the veins. (extracted from BBC Bitesize) "Ciliated: Cells with tiny hair-like structures on their surface are said to be ciliated. Capillaries are the next highest in pressure, the main  factor being their resistance to blood flow. away from the right ventricle to the lungs. Finally, the pressure of veins is the lowest because: They are the lymphatic vessels. Blood The composition of blood. Arteries carry blood away from the heart. It covers the areas of the Biology foundation paper. It carries oxygenated blood away from the left ventricle to the body. It also helps to protect against disease. 4.2 Organisation AQA GCSE Biology Paper – 1 Complete Revision Summary Covering the topics of Organisation hierarchy Human Digestive System Circulatory System Heart and the blood vessels Blood Coronary Heart Disease Non Communicable Disease Respiratory System Plant Tissues Plant Organ System Transpiration A complete, differentiated revision lesson based on the new AQA B4 SOW. The lymph in the lymphatic vessels are moved along by the squeeze of muscles against the vessel, just like some veins. This ensures that oxygen and glucose are delivered to all cells of the body by the circulation, and carbon dioxide and waste materials are removed from cells for elimination from the the body. The right-hand side of the heart is responsible for pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs. PLAY. Each side of the heart consists of an atrium and a ventricle which are two connected chambers. Describe the flow of blood by sorting cards with names of blood vessels, chambers, lungs and body to show direction of blood flow. Torso or model of gas exchange system. The lymph vessels have valves to ensure transport is in one direction. • It is lined with semi-lunar valves which prevent the backflow of blood. How do the veins return the blood to the heart? Accessibility links. is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and likewise opens due to a build-up of pressure, this time in the left atrium. Spell. separates the right-hand and left-hand side of the heart. The lymph fluid is finally emptied back into the blood near the heart. The vena cava is the largest vein in the body. It has tiny tubes running from the pulp cavity outwards which are filled with blood vessels and nerves. Note that the pressure in the arteries is highest because: The cardiovascular system is made up of three main parts - the heart, the blood vessels and the blood that flows through them. The lesson revisits the blood cells, blood vessels, heart structure, coronary heart disease and statins and stents. Involuntary muscle found in the blood vessel walls. Lymphatic system It carries deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart. The bicuspid valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle and likewise opens due to a build-up of pressure, this time in the left atrium. • understand the difference between plasma, tissue fluid and lymph. Created by. OCR GCSE PE Practice Questions. Newcastle: CGP, pp.74-78. Bitesize offers content for GCSE Biology but it is an expanded programme of study. (a) they are closest to the ventricles Arteries, veins and capillaries The liquid part of the blood is called plasma and when it is forced out of the capillaries it is called tissue fluid. Arterioles split up into tiny blood vessels called capillaries. Immediate, short and long term effects of exercise - AQA, Home Economics: Food and Nutrition (CCEA). (a) (i) Which type of vessel, artery, vein or capillary is shown? Capillary  • It is a very thin blood vessel, the endothelium is just one cell thick. The cardiovascular system is made up of three main parts - the heart, the blood vessels and the blood that flows through them. Study the causes and treatments of heart disease. Blood vessels The blood is transported to the tissues via the vessels. NEW GCSE 2016 Blood vessels & blood - Based on the AQA Specification - this lesson covers: - the structure of the main types of blood vessels and the components 4.2.2.6. Maths Made Easy © Complete Tuition Ltd 2017 Learn about and revise the cardiovascular system with this BBC Bitesize GCSE PE (AQA) study guide. Veins have a thin tunica media, so only mild contractions are possible. Visit http://www.mathsmadeeasy.co.uk/ for more fantastic resources. The ventricles pump the blood out of the heart to the lungs or around the body. When the sphincter is constricted blood is diverted along the shunt vessel so the capillary network is by-passed. (b) artery, 30 kPa, capillary, 10 kPa and vein, 5 kPa. stop the back flow of blood into the heart. Activity: Cards to sort. Blood vessels leading into and out of the heart. Less heat is lost from the skin. (ii) What is the function of the tunica media? Give a reason for your choice. There is a network of vessels other than the blood system. Kidneys filter the blood producing urine that is stored in the bladder prior to elimination through the urethra. ... BBC Bitesize: Blood. Flashcards. It contains: ... Personalise your Bitesize! Note that In the skin the superficial capillaries have the  arteriole/shunt vessel/venule arrangement as shown above. Many cells are specialised and are adapted for their function. Blood leaves the heart via the arteries, reaches the tissues via the capillaries, then returns to the heart via the veins. (b) they have a low amount of muscle. Vasodilate. The pulmonary vein returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. Joining the two are networks of microscopic sized blood vessels called capillaries. The return of tissue fluid to the blood in the form of lymph fluid prevents fluid built up in the tissue. Pulp cavity- The hollow region inside the tooth. 4.2.2.5. If you clench your hand into a fist, this is approximately the same size as your heart. (a) (i) artery; the vessel has a thick tunica externa • It has a lining of squamous endothelium (very thin cells). Copyright © 2007 - 2021 Revision World Networks Ltd. The aorta is the largest artery in the body. • It has a tunica media which is a middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic fibres. The human circulatory system is a double circulatory system. (b) The pressure values 30 kPa, 10 kPa and 5 kPa correspond to the different types of vessel. Gravity. Some capillary networks have a shunt vessel. Blood transports materials and heat around the body, and helps to protect against disease. 7 page revision sheet for AQA Physical Education GCSE Musculoskeletal system Types of Bones Skeletal system Synovial Joints The Heart Cardiac Cycle Types of Blood Vessel. Match. blood away from the right ventricle to the lungs). The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. The capillary entering the glomerulus is wider than the capillary leaving it. Learn. Smooth muscle. The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle and opens due to a build-up of pressure in the right atrium. When the arteriole is dilated (vasodilation) more heat can be lost from the skin. pump the blood out of the heart to the lungs or around the body.
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