5 According to the map, the earliest Atlantic exploration voyages originated in. The Protestant Reformation weakened the authority of the papacy with regard to both religious and secular matters (A). In an attempt to secure a comfortable future for their citizens, Western and Japanese governments established social welfare systems, particularly for the aged. 3 Christianity was perceived as a threat to Tokugawa authority, and Christian missionaries were ordered to leave Japan. The 1955 agreement between the Soviet Union and the countries of eastern Europe in response to NATO. Which was NOT an achievement of the Tang dynasty? A passage through the North American continent that was sought by early explorers to North America as a route to trade with the East. . (D) The Andeans had a system of writing, but the Maya did not. qualities. American natives were not widely interested in the food crops of Europeans (A). Korea was divided into north and south, with the north under communism (A). 6 Reconquista Japan (A) was ruled by the authoritarian Tokugawa Shogunate. Common to industrialization in Western nations, Russia, and Japan was the development of railroads, with Russia and the United States constructing transcontinental railways. members Canada, Australia, and New Zealand took an active part fighting on the Allied side. Bombs and troop movements destroyed cities, factories, and agricultural land. . Most revolutions produce a strong leading figure; the French Revolution allowed which of the following to assume great power? ‎Read reviews, compare customer ratings, see screenshots, and learn more about AP World History Pocket Prep. enclosure movement climate New patterns of world interactions formed as societies of the Eastern and Western hemispheres exchanged cultural traditions across the Atlantic Ocean. Diocletian (ruled 284 to 305 CE) imposed stricter control over the empire and declared himself a god. The maintenance of dams, dikes, and irrigation systems was neglected, and nomadic peoples continued to exert pressure along the Great Wall. Spanish American society took on a hierarchical structure. Geneva Conference As you review this material, it may be helpful to work with others. 3 Politics have been an essential part of the Olympics since Thucydides was covering them. Beginning in the northern Italian city-states (B), the Renaissance was a revival of the Greco-Roman culture that had been preserved by the Muslims in Spain and in the eastern portions of the former Roman Empire (A). Roman Catholic religious orders such as the Jesuits Along the major trade routes, merchants founded diaspora communities that fostered cultural exchange. Among visitors to the Mongol court were the Venetian Marco Polo and his family. • Neo-Confucianism The theme is that Latin America has survived many invaders and will continue to survive, as indicated by references to Columbus, Catholics, and Spain, and the use of phrases like “it lives” and “Viva Spanish America!” The only references to violence are in connection with the United States’ warlike actions and are critical of the violence (A). — Determine into which student mode you would place yourself. Khrushchev ultimately backed down, and the missiles were removed. . “Massacre Begins at Munich Games,” This Day in History Since all the documents are “official,” or produced by governing bodies, you can make the case that all of them are political. Their migration, called the Great Trek 1 The Quran Wrestling and boxing were combined. By 500 CE, Gupta India endured a number of invasions by the White Huns Rule by a king or queen whose power is not limited by a constitution. • Mongol rule kept Russia culturally isolated from Western European trends such as the Renaissance. By the time that Chinggis Khan died in 1227, the Mongols controlled an empire that extended from northern China to eastern Persia. Turkic military slaves who formed part of the army of the Abbasid Caliphate in the ninth and tenth centuries; they founded their own state in Egypt and Syria from the thirteenth to the early sixteenth centuries. griots , 2 Mexica During Rome’s decline the latifundia The division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. • 2 indicates that you are possibly qualified. Summary: Sumerian families were patriarchal (1494). 26 In the process of expanding its borders, Russia added a substantial Muslim minority to its population. British victory in the Opium War Columbus’s rediscovery of the Americas for Spain in 1492 was followed by the Magellan expedition’s circumnavigation of the globe, which gave Spain claim to the Philippine Islands. C The Protestant Reformation relied on faith over reason (D). Neither culture is known for promoting equality for women. 2 The Buddhist faith, therefore, opposed the caste system. Middle Kingdom 3 . The Jurchens had overthrown the Khitan and settled in the region north of the Song Empire. . based on observations and carefully obtained data. They spread the knowledge of iron metallurgy throughout their empire and engaged in an active long-distance trade that linked India, Southwest Asia, and Egypt. The German annexation of Austria prior to World War II. . . of North America from about 700 to 1500 CE. B Which best describes the relationship between the United States and the Soviets as depicted in the passage? , February 5, 2014. . , which held that there was a god who created the earth, then left it to operate by natural law • Italy and Japan were angered at not receiving additional territory. How was the Arab trade in Africans different from the Atlantic slave trade? 44 • The Although the Olympic ideal was to place sport above politics, in reality there were often political goals and messages promoted through the games. . . B For several centuries, Polynesians continued to spread throughout the Hawaiian Islands, establishing agricultural and fishing villages. kulaks (D) They had fewer rights than under the Guomindang. When the third caliph, Uthman of the Umayyad family, was assassinated, Ali, the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, was appointed caliph. Haitian society was divided among slave workers on the sugar plantations, free people of color, and French colonists. made their mark on the values of traditional Chinese civilization—the Zhou, the Qin, and the Han. . 10 STRATEGIES FOR ACING THE TEST PREPARING FOR THE TEST 1. (For help in this area, consult Chapter 5 1 Other political movements gained strength: liberalism Around 1000 BCE, the Shang also became familiar with ironworking. . For example: • Civil service exams were emphasized as a prerequisite for government posts. Russia was primarily a tributary state (B); it kept its nomadic ways and did not develop trade. , or platforms constructed of twisted vines on which they placed layers of soil. B Rather, he stressed the existence of a divine essence. . The Ottoman Empire conquered the Byzantine Empire, but by the early seventeenth century, could not keep up with Western technological advances and was on a path of decline. 3 Many favored the use of the gold standard . After World War II, the new U.S.-influenced government in Japan provided for women’s suffrage and abolished Shintoism as the state religion. in this manual. The Mongols relied on China’s regional rulers to help provide an efficient administration. The Green Revolution refers to the use of agricultural science to create high-yield crops, fertilizers, and pesticides, starting in the mid-1960s (A). —Testimony given before the Sadler Committee, 1831–32. Pollution was responsible for respiratory diseases and higher rates of infant mortality. The Industrial Revolution The Bantu migrations also resulted in the spread of the Bantu languages. In addition to exploring the Indian Ocean, the Chinese expedition entered the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, carrying with them Chinese porcelain and other luxuries to trade for local merchandise. The gap between rural peasants and rural gentry increased. Opposition from Mao’s rivals led to the end of the Cultural Revolution, whereupon relations were opened between China and the United States. So you are the only one who can decide which approach you want and/or need to adapt. (C) The Aztecs had no wheeled transportation. Other accomplishments and features of the Gupta dynasty included: • High-towered temples in honor of the Hindu gods. Poland was the only satellite nation that was allowed to experience private land ownership and religious freedom. The Advanced Placement World History course is unique in its inclusion of both civilizations and societies in its narrative of global history. The United States intervened in Cuba three times during the early twentieth century. A . By the mid-fourteenth century, the court of Kubilai Khan weakened as it became more concerned with the accumulation and enjoyment of wealth than with efficient administration. The classical period came to an end with the weakening and fall of the empires of Rome, Han China, and Gupta India to invaders. In ancient Chinese belief, the opposing forces that bring balance to nature and life. After the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925, Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) seized control of the Guomindang. Society was organized into clans called ayllus AP® Student Score Distributions released by the College Board report that the mean AP® World History score was 2.61 in 2014, 2.61 in 2015, 2.66 in 2016, 2.76 in 2017, 2.78 in 2018, 2.75 in 2019 and 2.88 in 2020. 28 No World War I battles were fought in Australia or South America (A). An example is the Munich Conference, which allowed Hitler to annex the Sudetenland in exchange for a pledge to refrain from taking additional territory. Trade in Mughal India versus Ming China, 7. Slaves doing plantation work in the Caribbean had a notoriously shorter life span, and most of those slaves came from West Africa (D). Directions: Russia continued to struggle with economic weakness and organized crime. The Black Death helped bring down the Yuan dynasty and also was a factor in the end of Western European feudalism. ; Chilean grain and copper; and Argentinian beef, grain, hides, and wool. In 632 CE, Muhammad died without appointing a successor, an omission that would have a profound effect on the future of Islam. Named after their leader Osman Bey, the Ottomans established an empire centered around Anatolia. Having made the selection of the site where the town is to be built, it must, as already stated, be in an elevated and healthy location; [be] with means of fortification; [have] fertile soil and with plenty of land for farming and pasturage; have fuel, timber, and resources; [have] fresh water, a native population, ease of transport, access and exit; [and be] open to the north wind; and, if on the coast, due consideration should be paid to the quality of the harbor and that the sea does not lie to the south or west; and if possible not near lagoons or marshes in which poisonous animals and polluted air and water breed. Questions 1 to 3 refer to the image below, a frieze of a Buddhist couple around a stupa with Corinthian columns on either side, India, c. 1st century CE. . You may answer the essay questions in any order. Mercantilism (B) was an economic theory that was popular with colonial powers, especially in 16th-, 17th-, and 18th-century Europe. Questions 40 to 43 refer to the passage below, an account given to a French officer in Algeria in the 1830s by a member of an Arab slave trade caravan. , which promoted a greater role for Indians in their country’s government. In addition to this manual and your textbook, the following titles may help you in your preparation for the AP World History examination: Adams, Paul V. et al. Whereas Egypt enjoyed natural defense barriers, Sumer did not (A). After an attempted conquest of Hungary in 1240 and raids in Eastern Europe, the Mongols withdrew to handle succession issues in their capital of Karakorum in Mongolia. (B) It was a continuation of a preexisting cultural pattern. . Christian missionaries were expelled from Japan during the Tokugawa Shogunate, which led up to the time when the letter was written (A). 1 Liberty consists in the ability to do whatever does not harm another; hence the exercise of the natural rights of each man has no other limits than those which assure to other members of society the enjoyment of the same rights. In addition, England possessed the factors of production: • Land (including natural resources such as coal and iron ore), • Labor (including thousands of dispossessed farmers from southeastern England evicted from their lands as a result of the enclosure movement), • Capital The standard currency introduced and adopted by the majority of members of the European Union in January 2002. 3 .
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